Introducing verbs.

have=arimasu (nonliving) or imasu (living) depending on whether subject is nonliving/living
Don't have = arimasen / imasen

watashi wa kuruma ga arimasen =i don't have a car
anata wa ie ga arimasuka? =Do you have a house?
hai, arimasu= Yes, I have

Pooja san wa kodomo ga imasen = Miss Pooja don't have a child.

Note: in japanese, Mr/Miss/Mrs prefixes are all indicated by common suffix: san rajiv san = mr rajiv pooja san = miss pooja

'sen' ending is common characteristic of negative ('not' form) of verbs.

To make questions, change arimasen/imasen to arimasenka?/imasenka?

example:

You don't have an eraser, isn't it? = anata wa keshigomu ga arimasenka?

Miss Neha doesn't have a child, isn't it? Neha san wa kodomo ga arimasenka?

Introducing verbs.

Verbs are more like arimasu/imasu, all have typycal 'masu' ending.

To go= ikimasu

to come=kimasu

to return=kaerimasu

to do = shimasu

to eat=tabemasu

to drink= nomimasu

to speak=hanashimasu

to sleep =nemasu

You can see all verbs have 'masu' ending in plain form.

To make questions, simply change 'masu' form to 'masuka?'

To make negative forms, change 'masu' to 'masen'

Lets learn usage of 'ikimasu' and 'kaerimasu'

normally article before ikimasu/kaerimasu will be 'e' (pronounce it like alphabet 'A')

learn: where = doko, when=itsu

anata wa doko e ikimasuka? = where are you going?

watashi wa gakko e ikimasu. = i am going to school (=gakko)

Felix san wa itsu sooppa e ikimasuka? = when is Mr felix going to super market (=sooppa)?

Kare wa kyou ikimasu. = He is going on today (kyou)

Note: kare also means 'he' and 'kanojo' also means 'she' other than boy friend/girl friend.

Ex: kyou kanojo wa daigakku e ikimasen = today she won't go to university.

kyou okasan uchi e kaerimasen = Today mother will not be returning back home.

yesterday=kinou

today=kyou

tomorrow=ashita

last week=sen shu, last month =sen getsu

this week =kon shu, this month=kon getsu

next week=rai shu, next month= rai getsu

everyday =mai nichi

everymonth=mai tsuki (tsuki = month/ moon)

everyweek = mai shu

ex: watashi wa mainichi uchi e kaerimasu = i go back home everyday.

anata wa raishu eigakan e ikimasuka? = are you going to cinema theater (eigakan) next week?

Translate the following:

1. Where is the teacher going?

2. He is going to America (use he= 'sensei'. 'kare' is not that respectful )

3. When is he returning?

4.He will return on next week.

5. Teacher will not return tomorrow.

6. When will you sleep everyday?

7. Are you going to india (indo) next month?

8. No, I am not going.

Expressions, Present tense, Present Negative, Article 'no'

I suggest you to have a note book for our lessons. Write down: "watashi no hihongo no hon", my japanese book! Lets learn right away from the greetings:

ohayou gozaimasu = Good morning
konbanwa=good afternoon
oyasumi nasai=good night

arigatou gozaimasu=thank you
gomen nasai= sorry

o'genki desuka? = How are you?

When you answer, say: okagesamade genki desu = with god's grace, i am fine.

o'namae wa? = what is your name?

watashi wa pranavi desu = my name is pranavi

watashi = I
Wa is an article and Desu is like hindi "hein", used with present simple tense.
___________________________________________

Lets now see the sentence structures:

this = kore (pronounced as KorE, with E' ending, not KOR)
that = are (arE)
pasakon = personal computer
empitsu = pencil

kore wa pasakon desu = this is a personal computer

are wa empitsu desu = that is a pencil

___________________________________
Quiz 1:

Translate following to English:

1. watashi wa Felix desu
2. are wa kuruma desu
3. kore wa tokkei desu

Translate to Japanese:

1. That is a television
2. This is a table
3. That is a mobile phone

Hints:
kuruma = car
tsukue=table
tokkei = clock / watch
terebi = television
keitai denwa = mobile phone



________________________________


kore wa watashi no kuruma desu = this is MY car

"watashi no" means MY and watashi means I; anata= you, anata no=your

are wa anata no kaban desu = that is your bag (kaban=bag)

___________________________________________________________________

I will now tell you how to make questions:

kore wa empitsu desuka?
Is this a pencil?

Look, desu ending has changed to desuka , to make questions.
are wa kuruma desuka? = is that a car?

______________________________


well,i will now tell you how to make negative sentences:

kore wa empitsu desuka? = is this a pencil?

iie, kore wa empitsu ja arimasen = No, this is not a pencil
are wa kuruma desuka?
iie, are wa kuruma ja arimasen = No, that is not a car.

simple.

change desu to ja arimasen to make negative.
iie means NO, and to be used with YES or NO questions. YES = hai.


_______________________________
Now quiz 2: (translate to japanese)

1. Is this a table?
2. Is that a cat?
3 Is this your bag?
4. No, this is not my bag
5 Is that your house?
6 Yes, that is my house
7 That is not a tiger
8. This is not my shoe

cat = neko
house = ie
tiger = tora
shoe = kutsu

_________________________________

send me the answers! Between, try to by-heart 1 - 10 numbers in Nihongo

1.ichi
2. Ni
3.san
4.shi
5.go
6.rokku
7.shichi
8.hachi
9.kyu
10.jyu